Modules in Python

Modules in Python are files containing Python code. This code can include functions, classes, or variables. A module can also include runnable code. You can use modules to organize your code into manageable sections and reuse code across different programs.

Creating a Module:

Creating a module is as simple as writing Python code in a file with a .py extension. For example:

Python 
# File: my_module.py

def greet(name):
    return f"Hello, {name}!"

Importing a Module:

You can import a module into your code using the import statement:

Python 
import my_module

print(my_module.greet("Alice"))  # Output: Hello, Alice!

Using from...import Statement:

You can import specific parts of a module using the from...import statement:

Python 
from my_module import greet

print(greet("Bob"))  # Output: Hello, Bob!

Exploring Module Contents:

You can explore the contents of a module using the dir() function:

Python 
import my_module

print(dir(my_module))  # Lists all functions, classes, and variables defined in the module

You can also use the help() function to get detailed information about the module:

Python 
help(my_module)

Using Built-in Modules:

Python comes with a rich set of built-in modules. For example, the math module provides mathematical functions:

Python 
import math

print(math.sqrt(16))  # Output: 4.0

Best Practices for Using Modules:

Modules are a powerful feature in Python that helps you manage your code efficiently and promote reuse across different programs.