Nested Control Structures

# Real-life analogy: Organizing your school day
for class_period in ["Math", "Science", "English"]:
    print(f"Attending {class_period} class")

    for task in ["Take notes", "Do exercises", "Ask questions"]:
        print(f"  - {task}")

        if task == "Ask questions":
            print("    💡 Raise your hand!")

# Simple - just one loop
print("🎵 Counting sheep to fall asleep:")
for sheep in range(1, 4):
    print(f"Sheep #{sheep} 🐑")

# One structure inside another
print("🏫 School Schedule:")

for day in ["Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday"]:
    print(f"\n📅 {day}:")

    for subject in ["Math", "Science", "Art"]:
        print(f"   📚 {subject} class")

# Going deeper - like organizing a bookshelf
print("📚 Library Organization:")

for floor in ["Ground Floor", "First Floor"]:
    print(f"\n🏢 {floor}:")

    for section in ["Fiction", "Non-Fiction"]:
        print(f"  📖 {section} Section:")

        for book in ["Book A", "Book B"]:
            print(f"    📑 {book}")

weather = "rainy"
temperature = 60
going_out = True

print("🤔 What should I wear today?")

if weather == "rainy":
    print("☔ It's rainy!")

    if temperature < 50:
        print("🧥 Wear a warm raincoat")

        if going_out:
            print("🥾 Don't forget waterproof boots!")
        else:
            print("🏠 Stay cozy inside")
    else:
        print("🌧️ Light rain jacket is fine")

        if going_out:
            print("☂️ Take an umbrella")

elif weather == "sunny":
    print("☀️ Beautiful sunny day!")

    if temperature > 75:
        print("👕 Perfect for t-shirt and shorts")
    else:
        print("👔 Light jacket recommended")

print("\n✨ Have a great day!")

def choose_your_adventure():
    print("🗺️  CHOOSE YOUR ADVENTURE!")
    print("You're standing at a crossroads...")

    path = input("Go LEFT or RIGHT? ").lower()

    if path == "left":
        print("🌲 You enter a mysterious forest")

        action = input("Do you EXPLORE or REST? ").lower()

        if action == "explore":
            print("🔍 You found a treasure chest!")

            choice = input("OPEN it or LEAVE it? ").lower()

            if choice == "open":
                print("💎 Congratulations! You found gold!")
            else:
                print("🚶 You walk away wisely")
        else:
            print("😴 You take a peaceful nap under a tree")

    elif path == "right":
        print("🏰 You approach a castle")

        action = input("KNOCK on the door or CLIMB the wall? ").lower()

        if action == "knock":
            print("👑 The king invites you for dinner!")
        else:
            print("🧗 You're an excellent climber!")

    else:
        print("🤷 You decide to stay put and enjoy the view")

# choose_your_adventure()  # Uncomment to play!

print("🎨 Creating a Pattern:")
print("Let's make a simple grid!")

# Outer loop controls ROWS
for row in range(1, 4):
    print(f"\nRow {row}: ", end="")

    # Inner loop controls COLUMNS
    for col in range(1, 4):
        print(f"({row},{col}) ", end="")

print("\n\n🌟 Making it prettier:")

for row in range(3):
    for col in range(3):
        if (row + col) % 2 == 0:
            print("⭐", end=" ")
        else:
            print("🌙", end=" ")
    print()  # New line after each row

print("🔢 Let's Learn Multiplication!")
print("Making times tables fun and visual:")

for number in range(1, 4):  # Tables for 1, 2, 3
    print(f"\n🎯 Times table for {number}:")
    print("=" * 25)

    for multiplier in range(1, 6):  # Multiply by 1-5
        result = number * multiplier

        # Make it visual with stars
        stars = "⭐" * result
        print(f"{number} × {multiplier} = {result:2d} {stars}")

print("🎨 ASCII Art Generator:")

# Triangle pattern
print("\n🔺 Growing Triangle:")
for row in range(1, 6):
    # Print spaces for centering
    for space in range(6 - row):
        print(" ", end="")

    # Print stars
    for star in range(row):
        print("⭐", end="")

    print()  # New line

# Diamond pattern
print("\n💎 Diamond Pattern:")
# Top half
for row in range(1, 4):
    for space in range(3 - row):
        print(" ", end="")
    for star in range(row):
        print("💎", end="")
    print()

# Bottom half
for row in range(2, 0, -1):
    for space in range(3 - row):
        print(" ", end="")
    for star in range(row):
        print("💎", end="")
    print()

def create_report_cards():
    """Generate report cards for multiple students"""

    students = {
        "Alice": {"Math": 95, "Science": 87, "English": 92},
        "Bob": {"Math": 78, "Science": 85, "English": 90},
        "Charlie": {"Math": 88, "Science": 91, "English": 85}
    }

    print("📊 STUDENT REPORT CARDS")
    print("=" * 40)

    for student_name, grades in students.items():
        print(f"\n🎓 Student: {student_name}")
        print("-" * 20)

        total_points = 0
        subject_count = 0

        for subject, grade in grades.items():
            print(f"📚 {subject}: {grade}%", end="")

            # Add performance indicator
            if grade >= 90:
                print(" 🌟 Excellent!")
            elif grade >= 80:
                print(" 👍 Good job!")
            elif grade >= 70:
                print(" 📈 Keep trying!")
            else:
                print(" 💪 Needs improvement")

            total_points += grade
            subject_count += 1

        # Calculate average
        average = total_points / subject_count
        print(f"\n📈 Average: {average:.1f}%")

        # Overall performance
        if average >= 90:
            print("🏆 Overall: Outstanding!")
        elif average >= 80:
            print("🎉 Overall: Great work!")
        else:
            print("📚 Overall: Keep studying!")

create_report_cards()

def shopping_experience():
    """Fun interactive shopping cart"""

    store_inventory = {
        "Electronics": {
            "Laptop": 999.99,
            "Mouse": 25.50,
            "Keyboard": 75.00
        },
        "Books": {
            "Python Guide": 45.99,
            "Math Textbook": 89.50,
            "Fiction Novel": 12.99
        }
    }

    cart = []

    print("🛒 Welcome to the Amazing Online Store!")
    print("Browse our categories:")

    # Show all categories and products
    for category, products in store_inventory.items():
        print(f"\n🏷️  {category}:")

        for product_name, price in products.items():
            print(f"   💰 {product_name}: ${price}")

            # Ask if user wants to add to cart
            choice = input(f"   Add {product_name} to cart? (y/n): ")

            if choice.lower() == 'y':
                cart.append({
                    "name": product_name,
                    "price": price,
                    "category": category
                })
                print(f"   ✅ Added {product_name} to cart!")

    # Show cart summary
    if cart:
        print(f"\n🛍️  Your Shopping Cart:")
        print("=" * 30)

        total = 0

        for item in cart:
            print(f"📦 {item['name']} - ${item['price']}")
            total += item['price']

        print("-" * 30)
        print(f"💵 Total: ${total:.2f}")

        # Apply discounts based on categories
        electronics_count = sum(1 for item in cart if item['category'] == 'Electronics')
        books_count = sum(1 for item in cart if item['category'] == 'Books')

        if electronics_count >= 2:
            discount = total * 0.1
            print(f"🎉 Electronics bundle discount: -${discount:.2f}")
            total -= discount

        if books_count >= 2:
            discount = total * 0.05
            print(f"📚 Book lover discount: -${discount:.2f}")
            total -= discount

        print(f"✨ Final Total: ${total:.2f}")
    else:
        print("\n🛒 Your cart is empty. Come back soon!")

# shopping_experience()  # Uncomment to try shopping!

def check_password_interactive():
    """Interactive password strength checker"""

    print("🔐 PASSWORD STRENGTH CHECKER")
    print("Let's make your password super strong!")

    password = input("\nEnter a password to check: ")

    strength_score = 0
    feedback = []

    print(f"\n🔍 Analyzing '{password}'...")
    print("-" * 30)

    # Check length
    if len(password) >= 8:
        print("✅ Length: Good (8+ characters)")
        strength_score += 1
    else:
        print("❌ Length: Too short (need 8+ characters)")
        feedback.append("Make it longer")

    # Check for different character types
    has_upper = False
    has_lower = False
    has_digit = False
    has_special = False

    for char in password:
        if char.isupper():
            has_upper = True
        elif char.islower():
            has_lower = True
        elif char.isdigit():
            has_digit = True
        elif char in "!@#$%^&*()_+-=[]{}|;:,.<>?":
            has_special = True

    # Give feedback for each type
    if has_upper:
        print("✅ Uppercase: Found!")
        strength_score += 1
    else:
        print("❌ Uppercase: Missing")
        feedback.append("Add uppercase letters")

    if has_lower:
        print("✅ Lowercase: Found!")
        strength_score += 1
    else:
        print("❌ Lowercase: Missing")
        feedback.append("Add lowercase letters")

    if has_digit:
        print("✅ Numbers: Found!")
        strength_score += 1
    else:
        print("❌ Numbers: Missing")
        feedback.append("Add numbers")

    if has_special:
        print("✅ Special chars: Found!")
        strength_score += 1
    else:
        print("❌ Special chars: Missing")
        feedback.append("Add special characters (!@#$)")

    # Final verdict
    print(f"\n📊 Strength Score: {strength_score}/5")

    if strength_score == 5:
        print("🏆 EXCELLENT! Your password is super strong!")
    elif strength_score >= 3:
        print("👍 GOOD! Your password is decent")
    else:
        print("⚠️  WEAK! Your password needs work")

    if feedback:
        print("\n💡 Suggestions:")
        for suggestion in feedback:
            print(f"   • {suggestion}")

check_password_interactive()

def mini_adventure_game():
    """A simple text adventure with nested choices"""

    print("🎮 MINI ADVENTURE GAME")
    print("=" * 25)

    player_name = input("What's your name, brave adventurer? ")
    print(f"\nWelcome, {player_name}! 🗡️")

    health = 100
    treasures = 0

    print("\nYou find yourself in a magical forest...")

    # First choice
    print("\nYou see two paths:")
    print("1. 🌲 Dark forest path")
    print("2. 🌸 Flower meadow path")

    choice1 = input("Which path do you choose? (1/2): ")

    if choice1 == "1":
        print(f"\n{player_name} bravely enters the dark forest! 🌲")

        print("\nSudenly, you hear a growl... 🐺")
        print("1. 🏃 Run away quickly")
        print("2. ⚔️  Stand and fight")
        print("3. 🍖 Offer some food")

        choice2 = input("What do you do? (1/2/3): ")

        if choice2 == "1":
            print("💨 You run fast and escape safely!")
            print("But you lost some stamina...")
            health -= 10

        elif choice2 == "2":
            print("⚔️ Epic battle! You defeat the wolf!")
            print("You found a treasure! 💎")
            treasures += 1
            health -= 20

        elif choice2 == "3":
            print("🐕 The wolf becomes your friend!")
            print("It leads you to a hidden treasure! 💰")
            treasures += 2

        else:
            print("🤷 You froze in fear... The wolf steals your lunch!")
            health -= 5

    elif choice1 == "2":
        print(f"\n{player_name} skips through the beautiful meadow! 🌸")

        print("\nYou find a magic fountain! ✨")
        print("1. 💧 Drink the water")
        print("2. 🪙 Throw in a coin and make a wish")
        print("3. 🚶 Walk past it")

        choice2 = input("What do you do? (1/2/3): ")

        if choice2 == "1":
            print("💫 The magic water heals you completely!")
            health = 100

        elif choice2 == "2":
            print("🌟 Your wish comes true! Treasure appears!")
            treasures += 3

        elif choice2 == "3":
            print("🚶 You continue walking and find a peaceful rest spot")
            health += 10

        else:
            print("🤔 You stand there confused...")

    else:
        print("🤷 You couldn't decide and wander aimlessly...")
        health -= 5

    # Final results
    print(f"\n🎯 ADVENTURE COMPLETE!")
    print("=" * 25)
    print(f"👤 Hero: {player_name}")
    print(f"❤️  Health: {health}/100")
    print(f"💎 Treasures: {treasures}")

    if treasures >= 3:
        print("🏆 LEGENDARY HERO! Amazing adventure!")
    elif treasures >= 1:
        print("🎉 BRAVE EXPLORER! Well done!")
    else:
        print("📚 LEARNING EXPERIENCE! Try again!")

mini_adventure_game()

def demonstrate_nested_loop_thinking():
    """Show how computers think through nested loops"""

    print("🤖 How does the computer process nested loops?")
    print("Let's trace through step by step!\n")

    colors = ["Red", "Blue"]
    sizes = ["Small", "Large"]

    step = 1

    print("The computer says:")
    print("'I need to try every color with every size'\n")

    for color in colors:
        print(f"🎨 Step {step}: Outer loop picks '{color}'")
        step += 1

        print("   Now I'll try this color with each size:")

        for size in sizes:
            print(f"   📦 Step {step}: Inner loop picks '{size}'")
            print(f"   ✨ Result: {color} {size} item")
            step += 1

        print("   ✅ Finished all sizes for this color\n")

    print("🎯 All combinations complete!")
    print("Total combinations:", len(colors) * len(sizes))

demonstrate_nested_loop_thinking()

print("❌ WRONG - Poor indentation:")
print("for i in range(2):")
print("for j in range(2):")
print("print(i, j)  # This won't work!")

print("\n✅ CORRECT - Proper indentation:")
for i in range(2):
    for j in range(2):
        print(f"({i}, {j})")

print("⚠️  DANGER: This would run forever!")
print("while True:")
print("    while True:")
print("        print('Never ends!')  # DON'T DO THIS!")

print("\n✅ SAFE: Always have exit conditions:")
count = 0
while count < 2:
    inner_count = 0
    while inner_count < 2:
        print(f"Safe: {count}, {inner_count}")
        inner_count += 1
    count += 1