Introduction Python Overview Setting Up Python Python Syntax Basics First Steps with Python Comparing Python with Other Languages Basics Variables and Data Types Input and Output Type Conversion Comments and Code Readability Naming Conventions Control Flow Conditional Statements Loops in Python Loop Control Mechanisms Nested Control Structures Data Structures Working with Strings Lists Tuples Sets Dictionaries Comprehensions Iterators and Generators Functions Defining and Calling Functions Function Arguments and Parameters Lambda Functions Return Values Recursion Variable Scope in Functions Modules and Packages Importing Modules Built-in Modules Creating Custom Modules Working with Packages Virtual Environments Managing Packages with pip Object-Oriented Programming Classes and Objects Attributes and Methods Constructors and Initializers Inheritance and Polymorphism Encapsulation and Abstraction Class Methods and Static Methods Using super() and Method Resolution File Handling Reading and Writing Text Files File Modes and File Pointers Using Context Managers (with) Working with CSV Files Handling JSON Data Error Handling Types of Errors and Exceptions Try, Except, Finally Blocks Raising Exceptions Built-in vs Custom Exceptions Exception Handling Best Practices Advanced Python Decorators Advanced Generators Context Managers Functional Programming Tools Coroutines and Async Programming Introduction to Metaclasses Memory Management in Python Useful Libraries Math Module Random Module Date and Time Handling Regular Expressions (re) File and OS Operations (os, sys, shutil) Data Structures Enhancements (collections, itertools) Web APIs (requests) Data Analysis Libraries (NumPy, Pandas) Visualization Tools (matplotlib) Database Access SQLite in Python Connecting to MySQL/PostgreSQL Executing SQL Queries Using ORMs (SQLAlchemy Intro) Transactions and Error Handling Web Development Introduction to Web Frameworks Flask Basics (Routing, Templates) Django Overview Handling Forms and Requests Creating REST APIs Working with JSON and HTTP Methods Testing and Debugging Debugging Techniques Using assert and Logging Writing Unit Tests (unittest) Introduction to pytest Handling and Fixing Common Bugs Automation and Scripting Automating File Operations Web Scraping with BeautifulSoup Automating Excel Tasks (openpyxl) Sending Emails with Python Task Scheduling and Timers System Automation with subprocess