C++ Basics Introduction and Setup C++ vs C Differences Syntax and Program Structure Compiling and Running C++ Programs Exercise Variables and Data Types Variables and Declaration Data Types (int, float, char, double, bool) Constants and Literals Type Conversion and Casting Auto Keyword Exercise Operators Arithmetic Operators Comparison Operators Logical Operators Assignment Operators Bitwise Operators Exercise Input and Output Standard Input/Output (cin, cout) Stream Manipulators File Input/Output String Streams Exercise Control Flow - Conditionals If Statements If-Else Statements Switch Statements Nested Conditionals Exercise Control Flow - Loops For Loops (including range-based) While Loops Do-While Loops Loop Control (break, continue) Nested Loops Exercise Functions Function Declaration and Definition Function Parameters and Arguments Return Statements and Types Function Overloading Default Parameters Exercise Arrays and Vectors Arrays (Static and Dynamic) Multi-Dimensional Arrays Introduction to Vectors Vector Operations and Methods Exercise Pointers and References Introduction to Pointers Pointer Arithmetic Pointers and Arrays References vs Pointers Smart Pointers (unique_ptr, shared_ptr) Exercise Strings String Class String Operations and Methods C-Style Strings vs String Class String Manipulation Exercise Object-Oriented Programming - Classes Classes and Objects Data Members and Member Functions Constructors and Destructors Access Specifiers (private, public, protected) Exercise Object-Oriented Programming - Advanced Inheritance (Single, Multiple, Multilevel) Polymorphism and Virtual Functions Abstract Classes and Pure Virtual Functions Operator Overloading Exercise Templates Function Templates Class Templates Template Specialization Template Parameters Exercise Standard Template Library (STL) Containers (vector, list, map, set) Iterators Algorithms STL Functions Exercise Exception Handling Try-Catch Blocks Exception Types Throwing Custom Exceptions Exception Safety Exercise File Handling File Streams (ifstream, ofstream, fstream) Reading from Files Writing to Files Binary File Operations Exercise Memory Management Dynamic Memory Allocation (new, delete) Memory Leaks and Management RAII (Resource Acquisition Is Initialization) Smart Pointers in Detail Exercise Modern C++ Features Lambda Expressions Move Semantics and R-value References Range-based For Loops nullptr and constexpr Exercise Advanced Topics Namespaces Preprocessor Directives Header Files and Libraries Design Patterns in C++ Exercise Final Project Project Planning and Design Building Complete Application Code Organization and Best Practices Testing and Debugging Exercise